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Californians own the most dogs in any state in the US, with nearly 40% of the households owning at least one dog. Insurance payouts for dog bite settlements are also higher in California than any other state. What does it entail to own dogs in the state? What are the laws that surround dog ownership in California? Dogs inside cars The California Penal Code prohibits dog owners from leaving their dogs inside their vehicles on an extremely hot or extremely cold day, as the extreme temperatures can damage.